Researcher Profile and Settings

researchmap

https://researchmap.jp/OJD

Research Areas

• Humanities & social sciences / Sociology of education
• Humanities & social sciences / Sociology

Education

• Osaka University, 人間科学研究科, 教育学専攻, - 1984
• Osaka University, Graduate School Division of Human Sciences, - 1984
• Osaka University, 人間科学研究科, 教育学専攻, - 1982
• Osaka University, Graduate School Division of Human Sciences, - 1982
• Osaka University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Human Sciences, - 1980
• Osaka University, Faculty of Human Sciences, - 1980

Degree

• Master of Arts, Osaka University

Association Memberships

• 関西社会学会
• 日本社会学会
• 日本教育社会学会

Published Papers

• イデオロギーと社会意識－非確率パネルによる追跡調査の分析
  尾嶋史章
  杉野勇・平沢和司編 『無作為ウェブ調査への挑戦』法律文化社, 146 - 167, Jan. 2024
• NEET in Japan
  Mei Kagawa; Hirofumi Taki; Tomohiko Moriyama; Fumiaki Ojima
  The Dynamics of Marginalized Youth, Routledge, 156 - 179, 28 Mar. 2022, In book
  

  DOI URL
• The Effect of Educational Expansion on the Transition between Employment and Non-Employment among Youth: An analysis using Longitudinal Survey of Adults in the 21st Century
  Moriyama Tomohiko; Kagawa Mei; Taki Hirofumi; Ojima Fumiaki
  Sociological Theory and Methods, Japanese Association For Mathematical Sociology, 35(2) 243 - 259, 2020
  

  DOI URL
• Intergenerational earnings mobility in Japan among sons and daughters: levels and trends
  Arnaud Lefranc; Fumiaki Ojima; Takashi Yoshida
  JOURNAL OF POPULATION ECONOMICS, 27(1) 91 - 134, Jan. 2014, Scientific journal
  

  DOI URL
• Family background, school system and academic achievement in Germany and in Japan
  Fumiaki Ojima; Susanne Von Below
  Quality and Inequality of Education: Cross-National Perspectives, Springer Netherlands, 275 - 297, 2010, In book
  

  DOI URL
• The intergenerational transmission of income and education: A comparison of Japan and France
  Arnaud Lefranc; Fumiaki Ojima; Takashi Yoshida
  Quality and Inequality of Education: Cross-National Perspectives, Springer Netherlands, 229 - 253, 2010, In book
  

  DOI URL
• Social Stratification and Educational Choices : Changes in the 1990s
  OJIMA Fumiaki
  教育社会学研究, 日本教育社会学会, 70(70) 125 - 142, 2002
• 社会的態度の親子３者連関の国際比較－９０年代日本と７０年代ｱﾒﾘｶ-
  尾嶋 史章
  家族社会学研究, 日本家族社会学会, (8) 111 - 124, 1996
• 労働市場における二重構造性の再検討－SSM職歴データによる企業間移動の分析－
  尾嶋 史章
  経営経済, 大阪経済大学中小企業・経営研究所, (30) 39 - 54, 1994
• The Relationships between Perents'and Their Children's Personalities
  Kikkawa Toru; Ojima Fumiaki; Naoi Atsushi
  Sociological theory and methods, Japanese Association For Mathematical Sociology, 9(2) 187 - 2002, 1994
  

  DOI URL
• ライフスタイルの分化と社会階層－1975年SSM調査の再分析－
  尾嶋 史章; Alan; S. Miller
  大阪経大論集, 43(4) 119 - 139, 1992
• 教育達成に及ぼす地域効果の分析
  尾嶋 史章
  大阪経大論集, (186) 77 - 97, 1988
• Regional Educational Opportunity and Educational Attainment
  Ojima Fumiaki
  大阪大学人間科学部紀要, The Faculty of Human Sciences, Osaka University, 12 97 - 116, 1986
  

  DOI URL

MISC

• 高校生たちの生活変容
  尾嶋史章
  教育, (906) 66 - 71, Jul. 2021, Introduction commerce magazine
• 「社会層としてのサラリーマン：E.F.ヴォーゲル『日本の新中間階級』」
  尾嶋 史章
  『日本の社会と文化』, 147 - 156, 2010
• 「家族の社会経済的地位と学業達成の国際比較－学校外学習時間を用いた類型化－」
  尾嶋 史章
  『学校教育と社会的不平等に関する国際比較研究－第１次報告書－』, 1 - 11, 2009
• 「父所得と教育達成－推計父所得からみた教育機会の趨勢－」
  尾嶋 史章
  『教育達成の構造分析』, 19 - 36, 2008
• 社会的態度の親子3者関係の国際比較(III-4部会 家族と子ども)
  吉川 徹; 尾嶋 史章; 直井 優
  日本教育社会学会大会発表要旨集録, 不明, (46) 147 - 148, 1994

Books etc

• 無業の多様性とその影響
  尾嶋史章; 小林大祐編
  NEET研究会, Mar. 2020, Editor
• 高校生たちのゆくえ－学校パネル調査からみた進路と生活の30年
  尾嶋 史章; 荒牧 草平編
  世界思想社, Mar. 2018
• 現代の階層社会1 格差と多様性
  佐藤嘉倫; 尾嶋史章編
  東京大学出版会, 2011
• Quantitative Approaches to High School Students' Life
  尾嶋史章編著
  Minerva, 2001
• ｼﾞｪﾝﾀﾞｰと階層意識（編著）
  １９９５年SSM調査研究会, 1998
• Social and Psychological Functioning of Gender and Stratification
  1998
• 現代日本の階層構造③ 教育と社会移動
  東京大学出版会, 1990, Contributor, 教育機会の趨勢分析
• Social Stratification in Contemporary Japan Vol.3 Education and Social Mobility
  University of Tokyo Press, 1990

Research Projects

• 高度経済成長期における高校教育拡大の実像：FIMSを用いた計量社会学的検討
  尾嶋 史章
  日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 2024/04 -2028/03, 基盤研究(B), 同志社大学
• The Development of the probability-based online panel for accurate exploration of the impact of Covid-19.
  杉野 勇; 轟 亮; 尾嶋 史章; 平澤 和司; 小林 大祐; 歸山 亜紀
  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, 2022/04 -2027/03, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), Ochanomizu University
• 高校生の進路選択と生活意識に関する実証的研究：学校パネル調査による長期変動の把握
  尾嶋 史章; 西丸 良一; 多喜 弘文; 白川 俊之
  本研究は、同一の学校をパネルとして長期に追跡し、地域の情報を併せて収集することによって、時点変化を学校の置かれた文脈から再検討することを試みるミックストメソッドを用いた調査研究である。2020年度は、2021年度実施予定の質問紙調査に向けて以下の4点に関して準備を行った。 （1）調査票の基本設計のための準備・・・・これまで実施した3回の調査の項目を再分析し、第4次調査に再度用いる調査項目を選定した。加えて他の研究から取り入れるべき問題に関しても検討した。 （2）地域間比較分析・・・・地域間比較に関する分析が不十分であったため、この部分を再分析し、性別役割分業意識や地域移動イメージなど、地域比較で検討すべき問題を明確にした。 （3）地域に関する基礎データの収集・・・・学校基本調査の地域データに基づき、前回の調査以降の時点間・地域間の変化の基礎分析を行うために必要となるデータの整備を行った。加えて、年度末にフィールドワークを行い、対象高校の卒業生にインタビューし、地域における高校の役割とその変化に関する情報収集をスタートさせた。 （4）研究会の開催・・・・上記の分析や情報収集をもとにして、全体の研究会を2020年夏以降4回開催した。また各研究会の間には一部のメンバーでその集約・整理のための打合せを複数回行い、全体の調整をした。 以上2020年度は調査設計と調査票の基本設計を中心として、研究会活動を中心に研究を進め、本調査の準備を行った。, 日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業 基盤研究(B), 2020/04 -2024/03, 基盤研究(B), 同志社大学
• Implementation of Computer-Assisted Mixed Mode Survey under Difficulties of Social Survey
  Sugino Isamu
  In the difficult situation of social surveys, we first conducted an four-pattern mixed-mode comparable survey of three modes on a probability sample in order to innovate the survey method. Based on this, we conducted the web-first sequential mixed-mode survey one year later, and obtained good results, such as a higher than expected response rate. Moreover, we conducted a three-wave non-probability online panel surveys to trace changes within the same individuals under Covid-19, and compared them with two surveys on probability samples to explore the characteristics of each survey method. In addition, we incorporated various survey experiments and sensitive question techniques into these surveys in order to elaborate on social attitudes toward xenophobia and multicultural conviviality., Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), 2018/04 -2022/03, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), Ochanomizu University
• 戦後日本における学歴と所得：コーホートを基準とした学歴別生涯所得推計の試み
  尾嶋 史章
  本研究は、出生コーホート別にみた学歴別「生涯所得」を推計することを目的としている。このために繰り返し調査である公的統計調査を「疑似パネル」データとして読み替え、この疑似パネル分析から出生コーホートという個人の生涯に沿った流れの中で、学歴別生涯所得の推計値を得ようと考えている。2019年度には、本研究で用いる就業構造基本調査（就調）と賃金構造基本統計調査（賃金センサス）に関するデータ整備を行うことを目的として、研究計画を策定し作業を進めた。 (1)就調は、統計法第33条に基づき利用が許可された個票データである。このデータに関して、個票単位での1982年以降の5年間隔の8回分の調査データについて整備し、分析を行うための基礎データが完成した。この研究で用いるもう一つのデータは、賃金センサスの公表された学歴別賃金の集計表である。このうちCVS方式で公開されていない1967年から2000年のデータに関しては、手動で入力のうえ1歳刻みの推計データに変換する必要があるが、今年度は第一段階として素データ(5歳幅の年齢平均・給与額平均・賞与等平均)の入力を終えた。このデータを用いて、引き続き各年の年齢ごとの所得を推計する次段階の作業を進めているが、この作業は未了である。 (2)就調と同形式の繰り返し調査である「社会階層と社会移動（SSM）調査」データを用いて推計モデルの検討を行い研究会で報告した。この結果、就調へ適応可能な分析モデルがほぼ完成した。, 日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業 挑戦的研究(萌芽), 2019/06 -2021/03, 挑戦的研究(萌芽), 同志社大学
• Understanding NEETS from Sociological Perspective. Individual and institutional determinants of youth inactivity in France, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, and the UK
  Ojima Fumiaki
  The purpose of this study is to clarify the characteristics of Japanese society by analyzing various aspects of worklessness, which is characterized by Not in Education, Employment, or Training: NEET. First, a comparative study collaborated with France, Germany, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom teams about a comparison of career patterns of young people has been done. In Japan, the NEET experience rate increased for males, the types differed between males and females, and the final educational background was also related to the types. In addition, we have also examined the influence of worklessness in the later life stage. These studies have revealed that the experience of unemployment suppresses the subsequent rise in income, gives psychological stress, and the different career pattern determine the retirement age of the elderly people. Worklessness are related to various aspects of social life., Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), 2017/04 -2020/03, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Doshisha University
• An Analysis on Economic Inequality of Education
  Ojima Fumiaki; LEFRANC Arnaud
  The purpose of this research is to examine the economic returns of education and the economic inequality of educational opportunities in each cohort. This research attempted to clarify the economic function of education in post-war Japan. (1) If we investigate private returns to education on the basis of cohort comparison, the total returns of higher education are highest in the cohort which includes baby boomers. (2) The educational attainment model composed of academic results in junior high school and estimated father’s income shows each variable complementarily affects educational attainment. The observed change corresponds to the degree of competition in attending higher education., Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), 2014/04 -2018/03, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Doshisha University
• Comparative Sociological Study on the Formation of Social Inequality
  OJIMA Fumiaki; ARAMAKI Sohei; AGATA Kenji; TODOROKI Makoto; YOSHIDA Takashi; KUDO Yasunori; LEFRANC Arnaud; KOBAYASHI Daisuke; FURUTA Kazuhisa; NISHIMARU Ryoichi; TAKI Hirofumi; SHIRAKAWA Toshiyuki; BANNO Makoto; ENTRICH Stive
  In this study, we carried out in 2011 the school panel survey of high school seniors in the same schools that were surveyed in 1997 and 1981. The relationships between students’ family background, their school and their career plan were examined. We also investigated the transformation of students’ social attitudes and of their feeling about school life. The relationship between family backgrounds, schools, and students’ career plan were relatively stable for 30 years. In 2011, high school seniors have become more seriously in school life with conservative attitudes to society. In addition, we carried out analysis about the influence of school and of students’ family background on the academic achievement and on career plan by using the PISA data., Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), 2010 -2013, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Doshisha University
• Studies of Social Stratification in Contemporary Japan : From the Perspective of Micro-Macro Linkages
  SATO Yoshimichi; KONDO Hiroyuki; OJIMA Fumiaki; SAITO Yuriko; MISUMI Kazuo; ISHIDA Hiroshi; MIWA Satoshi; KOBAYASHI Daisuke; NAKAO Keiko
  We get deeper understandings of inequality-generating mechanisms by focusing on social institutions behind the status attainment process. Social processes leading to poverty, for example, differ between men and women, and the difference reflects the difference in their positions in the labor market. Another finding shows that differences in institutions in the labor market between Japan and South Korea create the difference in the way women reenter the labor market between the two countries : Most of the Japanese women reenter the labor market as non-regular workers after childbearing, while their Korean counterparts almost evenly reenter regular, non-regular, and self-employment sectors., Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), 2008 -2010, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), Tohoku University
• Education and Social Inequality : A Comparative Analysis based onPISA and the Related Data
  OJIMA Fumiaki; KONDO Hiroyuki; AGATA Kenji; ARAMAKI Sohei; SHIRAKAWA Toshiyuki; TAKI Hirofumi; NISHIMARU Ryoichi; FURUTA Kazuhisa; YOSHIDA Takashi
  Educational attainment depends on family background deeply. In this study, we tried to clarify Japanese feature in educational attainment process by a comparative perspective. Based on PISA data sets, we analyzed influence of outside-school study efforts and of secondary school system on students' academic performance. We found that East Asian educational systems, including entrance examinations and secondary school system, characterize their educational attainment process., Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), 2007 -2009, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Doshisha University
• 社会階層と社会移動
  2002 -2008, Competitive research funding
• Social Stratification and Social Mobility
  2002 -2008, Competitive research funding
• Comprehensive Study on Structure and Change of Social Stratification System in Contemporary Japan
  SATO Yoshimichi; KONDO Hiroyuki; SAITO Yuriko; MISUMI Kazuo; ISHIDA Hiroshi
  The purpose of this research project is to develop new theories on social stratification and social mobility that explain two social phenomena that seem to be contradictory to each other : The fluidization and the immobilization of social stratification. For this purpose we conducted five social surveys for data collection as well as developing theories with which to analyze the data. Surveys in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan were conducted in 2005 with similar questionnaires. A mail survey and a website survey targeting the youth, who have been strongly influenced by the fluidization in the labor market, were conducted in 2007. The results of the analyses of the data collected in these surveys are published in fifteen volumes of the report to the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. In addition to publication in the report, project members presented papers at academic conferences and published papers and books. We studied social stratification and social mobility from various perspectives because this project is an integrated project on this topic. Thus not all the results of the project can be presented in this abstract, but the following findings are representative of the results. 1) The increasing closure of intergenerational mobility of upper white-collar employees, which was argued by Toshiki Sato, is not the case in 2005. 2) Less-educated people and women are more likely to become non-regular workers than well-educated people and men. 3) Income disparity between regular and non-regular workers is large, but we need more detailed analysis to judge whether the disparity has become larger or not. It is particularly worth noting that this project is the first full-blown comparative study of social stratification and social mobility in East Asia. Some of the results of this comparative study are published in the thirteenth volume of the report titled Dynamics of Social Stratification in East Asia., Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research, 2004 -2007, Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research, Tohoku University
• Research on Gender and Social Stratification in Contemporary Japan
  OJIMA Fumiaki; KONDO Hiroyuki; NAKAO Keiko; ARITA Shin; HASHIMOTO Kenji; SHIRAHASE Sawako
  The purposes of this project are to construct the research framework of gender and social stratification, and to prepare for the comparative studies between three societies (Japan, Korea and Taiwan) by the 2005 Social Stratification and Social Mobility Survey (2005 SSM). 1. We had a research meeting, titled "Kyoto Conference on Social Stratification in East Asia," with Korean and Taiwanese sociologists in 2003. Since then, we have made a close-knit research network with them. In this discussion, we constructed a basic framework of comparative research. 2. We conducted research about an ability of Korean and Taiwanese research agencies to conduct Taiwanese and Korean SSM survey. As a result, we found research agencies in both countries which can conduct SSM survey. 3. The preliminary survey data were analyzed from the following viewpoints : a. Survey items were checked based on analysis of 2003 domestic preliminary survey. (Examination of gender related item : Examination of traditional survey item like perception of fairness) b. Preparation for international comparison. (Constructing Korean occupational prestige score: Japan- Korea comparison of status identification) c. Strategy for response rate improvement. (To find the way to raise response rate in the deterioration of survey environments.) 4. As a result, we clarified that the response rate was influenced by timing of interviewers' visits. And also we found how to improve the survey items., Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), 2003 -2004, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Doshisha University
• 日本階層システムの構造と過程に関する総合的研究
  佐藤 嘉倫; 尾嶋 史章; 近藤 博之; 石田 浩; 斎藤 友里子; 三隅 一百
  今年度の具体的な研究実績は、以下の4点にまとめることができる。 第一に、現代日本を対象とした全国調査の準備として、階層研究全般にわたる検討会議を催した。社会的不平等生成メカニズムの理論についての意見交換、従来型質問紙調査の限界を克服するための技術的検討などにより、重要な知見を獲得した。 第二に、国際比較プロジェクトに向けて、台湾、韓国、アメリカの研究者と詳細な議論を重ねた。台湾に関しては中央研究院の喩維欣・章英華研究員、台湾大学の蘇國賢助教授と台湾調査の調査設計について議論した。韓国に関しては成均館大学の車鍾千教授、中央大学の申光榮教授と今年度の韓国調査の調査票・調査設計について意見交換した。アメリカに関してはハーバード大学のメアリー・ブリントン教授、コーネル大学のデービッド・グルスキー教授とキャリア意識を中心とした日米比較調査の方針について議論した。 第三に、現代社会の階層システムについての全国調査を実施した。本研究課題にかかわる研究者を中心に調査設計をし、実査は中央調査社に委託した。その結果、回収率はほぼ60%、有効回収サンプルサイズは1000名を超え、十分信頼に足るデータを得た。この調査データについては、次年度にコーディングおよび分析を行い、報告書を作成する予定である。 第四に、韓国を対象とした職業威信調査を実施した。計画と設計は本研究課題メンバーが担当し、実査はギャラップ・コリア社に委託した。この韓国データについても、日本調査同様、次年度にコーディングおよび分析を行い、報告書を作成する予定である。, 日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業, 2002 -2004, 基盤研究(A), 東北大学
• Research on Changing Stratification System and Its Reorganization in Contemporary Japan
  KONDO Hiroyuki; IWAI Hachiro; OJIMA Humiaki; KATASE Kazuo; KANOMATA Nobuo; KOBAYASHI Hisataka
  This research project aims to prepare for the 2005 SSM survey through furthering theoretical and methodological consideration about the stratification system in contemporary Japan. For this objective, we reanalyzed the data of past five SSM surveys on the one hand, and conducted a pilot survey with a new data-gathering method on the other hand. In carrying out the former task, KONDO(2005) applied the two-stage least square method to educational attainment of young people in the SSM data, and found that it could be examined with parental income which was estimated indirectly from educational and occupational information of the middle aged people. This examination showed the possibility of the SSM data to be used in the field of economic or political studies of education other than sociology. On the other hand, we conducted a pilot survey to consider methodological improvement of the retrospective survey data like the SSM. Using the method of life history calendar, we interviewed with 449 respondents in three districts of Sendai, Osaka, and Shimane, and made the unique data-sheets consisting of their residential, educational, occupational, and familial career, whose information reached to about 4,000 columns per one person. We utilized this rich data set to improve our understanding of and approaching to the contemporary stratification process. By such an investigation, we found that both contents and strictness of survey data would differ, depending on respondents' consciousness of historical time during the interview. Further, by applying some newly developed analyses of sequential data, we confirmed that the pattern of life course was changing from standardized one to unstandardized one., Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), 2002 -2004, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Osaka University
• Sociometric Approach to the Impact of Women's Participation in Work on Social Stratification
  OJIMA Fumiaki
  This research examined social consequences of the increase in women's participation in work roles outside the home from the viewpoint of a social stratification, using the SSM data. The result of this research is summarized to the following points. 1. A wife income has a function to expand the gap of a household income, and also has a function to reduce it. When a wife's income joined a husband's income, the gap between household incomes reduced in 1985, but did not reduce in 1995. Wife income has changed from a complementary Junction of her husband income in 1985 to a somewhat self-directing function in 1995. 2. We analyzed about a postwar female life course and its occupational career, next. It became clear that the popular career pattern (regular employment just after the graduation from a school, retirement on the occasion of marriage and a childbearing, re-entry to the labor market as a part-timer), emerged in post-baby boomers. This re-entry depends on the economic conditions of the household. 3. Status identification is analyzed in the difference arising from the context in the community. Some studies show that the factors of status identification differ in the social context, which each people set. We analyzed that female sample by division of the type of community. This shows that huge varieties of factors influence female status identification in the suburb. 4. Although social mobility research has concern on industrialization and the change of occupation structure, it was a thing from a viewpoint of the external factors, such as occupational structure and an achievement principle, which regulate placement of peoples. It can set to expansion industry increase the occupational positions and facilitate mobility (fall of the influence of education). However, we cannot find such a tendency., Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), 2001 -2002, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), DOSHISHA UNIVERSITY
• Sociometric Approach to the Women's Social Status
  OJIMA Fumiaki
  In this research, we investigate the women's social status. We analyze the relationship between gender-role attitudes and women's social participation (especially labor markets participation), educational attainments and lifestyle differentiation using the SSM data. Main finding of this research are as follows: (1) Women's and men's gender role attitudes have bocome 'non-traditional' dramatically in this two decades. In 1985, we can infer women's gender-role attitudes have some interaction effect on the social participation, but we cannot find this effect in 1995. It means this quantitative change in concomitant with its qualitative change. (2) In Japan, we experienced rapid educational expansion after World War II. Especially the level of women's educational attainment has dramatically changed. We focus on the three aspects of educational inequalities : intragender class inequalities, social (or class) inequalities in each sex, and the relationship between process of gender and class equalization educational opportunity. Results suggest, first, that social origins and gender have had significant effects on this half century. Though the total effects for men decreased in this period, those for women did not. Second, at present, we cannot find the competing process of gender and class effects on the educational attainment. This can be due to the expansion of the educational system and the "segregation" system (gender track) that exists in middle school and higher education ; commerce and domestic courses in high school and junior college for women. (3) We also analyze women's and men's social status effects on lifestyle differentiation. Results show that husband's social status has significant effects on wife's cultural activities. This means women's social status is not independent of men's or household statuses., Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), 1998 -1999, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• The New Procedure to Code and analyze the Open-ended Questions' Data in Social Research
  KAWABATA Akira; SATOH Yutaka; OJIMA Fumiaki; TANIGUCHI Toshio; TAROHMARU Hiroshi; HASHIMOTO Mitsuru
  The purpose of this research is to show the new computer-aided techniques for the analysis of textual data. Only few attempts have so far been made at content analysis with personal computer in Japan. The main reason is that Japanese have a difficult problem to solve. Japanese have no explicit break to classify words according to a part of speech. Then, our concern is to make new computer programs to classify words. There are three steps in this research. The first is how large amounts of text are converted to machine-readable format. The second is how to code textual data. The third is the methods of analyzing it. The point is to make the software for coding textual materials in Japanese on personal computers. We have completed two programs : AUTOCODE program and KTCoder. AUTOCODE program was originally developed to support the coding of open-ended questions in survey questionnaires. Its basic function is 'cut-and paste' for Windows. It aids to collect similar text segments from the raw textual data and AUTOCODE makes a coding-rule-file. This file can be used to confirm the precision of coding. AUTOCODE program codes textual data in accordance with the coding-rule-file and outputs the file that can be analyzed with statistical package soft such as SPSS. This program has graphical user interface and a mouse can be used. KTCoder divides the raw textual data into separate segments and outputs the files that include the locations of each code. All files used and created by the program that contain code with information of location data are stored in standard database format. This offers users extensive possibilities for using other software tools, for instance, Access. This program has also graphical user interface and a mouse can be used., Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, 1996 -1998, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• Research on the Change in Career Plans of High School Seniors ; A Replicated Survey in 1981 and in 1997
  OJIMA Fumiaki; KIKKAWA Toru
  In this research, we analyze the survey data of high school seniors in 13 schools in Hyogo prefecture that was conducted in the end of the first term in 1981 and in 1997. Sample size of this survey is 2180 in 1981, and 2397 in 1997. Main findings of this research are as follows : (1)Compared with 1981, high school senior girls' career plans have changed in almost all aspects.They intend to enter universities rather than junior colleges, and want not to become teachers, nurses or clerical workers that are believed to be suitable for girls but rather to become other professionals like sports instructors, animators and journalists and so on. Their attitudes have become more occupation-oriented. But this change does not mean they compete with boys, who want to enter traditional professions like engineers, medical doctors, lawyers and certified public accountants. (2)Gender role attitudes affect boys' career plans as well as girls' plans. This means gender identity differentiates career perspectives of both sexes. (3)Occupational aspiration of high school seniors is not only based on the occupational status but also based on the technical aspects of the occupation. (4)Recently, it is said that 'serious' attitudes, especially occupational ethics, of youth have declined. But we cannot find clear evidence for this analysis. (5)We also analyzed personal networks of 'significant others'. The results show girls' networks are more based on close contact with friends in the same school than that of boys. (6)Authoritarian-conservatism of high school seniors is higher than that of adults. This implies the necessity of research in the deprivation process of authoritarian-conservatism in adulthood., Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), 1996 -1997, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Osaka University of Economics
• 学歴達成過程の構造と変容
  尾嶋 史章
  本研究の目的は、学歴達成に及ぼす出身階層の影響を、その達成過程の中で、換言すれば教育経歴の各段階における出身階層の進学行動への影響という観点から明らかにすることにあった。この目的を達成するために学科・設置体など1985年社会階層と社会移動(SSM)全国調査(男性B調査・女性調査)データですでに明らかな情報に加えて、各高校(普通科)の進学率も付加して分析を行った。この分析で明らかになったのは、以下の3点である。 1.中学校から高校への進学機会の出身階層間格差は、高校進学率の上昇に伴って縮小する傾向にあるが、進学者の中での全日制普通科への進学機会の格差は、男女とも維持される傾向があり、男女間の普通科進学率の差異、ならびに出身階層構造(父世代の職業構造や学歴構造)の変化による影響を除去すると、基本的には不変であることが明らかになった 2.全日制普通科を進学校・非進学校に分けた場合、ノンマニュアル層や高等教育層と進学校および私立校との結びつきが昭和30年代後半から強まっており、早期の選抜段階から出身階層の影響が顕在化する傾向が窺われた。 3.大学進学段階でみると、ノンマニュアル層や高学歴層でいわゆる「有名校」への進学者が徐々に増加しており、この段階での格差が拡大する傾向がみられた。 学歴水準という面でみた出身階層間の進学機会の格差が基本的には維持される傾向がみられることはすでに明らかにされているが、上記の結果は同じ傾向が学歴達成のよりミクロな過程にも存在していることを示している。なお、高校の分類に関してはまだ不十分な面もあり、この点を修正して再度分析し、最終的な報告をまとめる予定である。, 日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業 奨励研究(A), 1993 -1993, 奨励研究(A), 大阪経済大学
• 教育達成に及ぼす地域社会構造の効果分析
  尾嶋 史章
  日本学術振興会, 科学研究費助成事業 奨励研究(A), 1987 -1987, 奨励研究(A), 大阪経済大学
• The sociological Study of Psychological Effects of Occupational and Educational Self-direction
  NAOI Astushi; SHOJI Tsuchida; OJIMA Fumiaki
  The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of students educational self-direction on their ideational and cognitive flexibility,and also their orientation to self and society for this,We treat the concept of educational self-direction as the same as occupational self-direction. We made the detailed questionaire and conducted survey for random samples Who are selected randomly fron Kanto Area. We have coded the data and made the code book.And We made several measurement models to analyze the main concepts.Finally,We made the causal model to analyze the reciprocal effects of students'educational self-direction,self-directedness of orientation,distress,and ideational flexibility.From these experiments,We have found that the psychological effects of educational self-direction on personality is very similar to that of occupational self-direction., Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B), 1986 -1987, Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B), OSAKA UNIVERSITY